Rudzi rweNavajo haruna kumbobvumira vashandi vemufirimu kupinda mugomba dzvuku rakanaka rinozivikanwa seDeath Canyon. Panyika yemadzinza kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweArizona, chikamu cheCheli Canyon National Monument-nzvimbo iyo vaNavajo vanozvidaidza kuti Diné vane kukosha kwepamusoro pamweya uye kwenhoroondo. Coerte Voorhees, munyori wepikicha uye director wefirimu rakapfurwa pano, akatsanangura makoni akabatana se "moyo weNyika yeNavajo."
Iyi firimu inyaya yekuchera matongo inonzi Canyon Del Muerto, inotarisirwa kuburitswa gare gare gore rino. Inotaura nyaya yapiyona anochera matongo Ann Akstel Mo akashanda pano kuma1920 uye kutanga kwema1930 Nyaya yechokwadi yaAnn Axtell Morris. Akaroorwa naEarl Morris uye dzimwe nguva anotsanangurwa sababa veSouthwestern Archaeology uye anowanzo kutaurwa semuenzaniso weiyo yekunyepedzera Indiana Jones, Harrison Ford mune blockbuster Steven Spielberg naGeorge Lucas mafirimu Tamba. Rumbidzo yaEarl Morris, yakasanganiswa nerusaruro rwevakadzi mukuranga, yagara ichivharidzira kubudirira kwake, kunyangwe aive mumwe wevakadzi vekutanga vanochera matongo muUnited States.
Pamangwanani anotonhora uye ane zuva, apo zuva rakatanga kuvhenekera madziro marefu emupata, boka remabhiza nemotokari dzinodhonza nemavhiri mana zvakatyaira nechepazasi pemupata une jecha. Vazhinji vevane makumi matatu nevashanu vevashandi vemufirimu vakatasva jipi yakavhurika inotyairwa negwara renzvimbo reNavajo. Vakaratidza unyanzvi hwematombo uye dzimba dzekugara dzakavakwa neAnasazi kana vanochera matongo zvino vanozivikanwa semadzitateguru ePueblo. Vakuru vaigara pano BC asati asvika. Navajo, uye akasiya mumamiriro ezvinhu asinganzwisisiki mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi14. Kumashure kwekonikoni, inowanzonamira mujecha kune 1917 Ford T uye 1918 TT rori.
Ndichiri kugadzirira kamera yekutanga-yakafara-ekona lenzi mugomba, ndakafamba ndichienda kumuzukuru waAnn Earl ane makore 58 okukura Ben Gail, uyo akanga ari mukuru wechipangamazano wezvinyorwa zvekugadzira. “Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo inokosha zvikurusa kuna Ann, uko iye anofara zvikurusa uye akaita rimwe rebasa rake rinokosha zvikurusa,” Gell akadaro. "Akadzokera kucanyon kakawanda ndokunyora kuti haina kumbofanana kaviri. Chiedza, mwaka, uye mamiriro ekunze zvinogara zvichichinja. Amai vangu vakanambwa pano panguva yokuchera matongo, zvichida zvisingashamisi, Vakakura kuva nyanzvi yezvinocherwa mumatongo.”
Pane chimwe chiitiko, takaona mumwe mukadzi wechiduku achifamba zvishoma nezvishoma achipfuura nekamera ari pamboro chena. Aive akapfeka bhachi redehwe rebrown raive nematehwe ehwai uye bvudzi rake rakasungwa nepfundo. Mutambi anoridza ambuya vake muchiitiko ichi ndiye stunt stand-in Kristina Krell (Kristina Krell), kuna Gail, zvakafanana nekuona mufananidzo wekare wemhuri uchirarama. “Handizivi Ann kana Earl, vose vakafa ndisati ndaberekwa, asi ndakaona kuti ndinovada zvikuru,” akadaro Gale. "Ivo vanhu vanoshamisa, vane moyo munyoro."
Zvakare ari pasi pekutariswa nekutorwa kwefirimu ndiJohn Tsosie wekuDiné pedyo neChinle, Arizona. Ndiye mubatanidzwa pakati pekugadzirwa kwemafirimu nehurumende yedzinza. Ndakamubvunza kuti sei Diné akabvuma kuti vagadziri vemafirimu ava vapinde muCanyon del Muerto. "Kare, tichigadzira mafirimu panyika yedu, takava nezviitiko zvakashata," akadaro. “Vakapinza mazana avanhu, vakasiya marara, vakavhiringidza nzvimbo tsvene, uye vakaita sokunge kuti vaiva venzvimbo iyi. Basa iri rinongopesana. Vanoremekedza nyika yedu nevanhu zvikuru. Vanohaya maNavajo mazhinji, Vakaisa mari mumabhizinesi emuno uye vakabatsira hupfumi hwedu. "
Gale akawedzera kuti, “Zvimwe chete ndezvechokwadi kuna Ann naEarl. Ndivo vaiva vacheri vamatongo vokutanga kuhaya vaNavajo nokuda kwokuchera, uye vakabhadharwa zvakanaka. Earl anotaura Navajo, uye Ann anotaurawo. Vamwe. Gare gare, apo Earle akatsigira kudzivirira aya makoronga, akataura kuti vanhu veNavajo vaigara muno vanofanira kubvumirwa kugara nokuti ivo rutivi runokosha rweiyi nzvimbo.”
Nharo iyi yakakunda. Nhasi, mhuri dzinosvika makumi masere dzeDiné dzinogara muDeath Canyon neCheri Canyon mukati memiganhu yeNational Monument. Vamwe vevatyairi nevatyairi vakashanda mubhaisikopo ndevemhuri idzi, uye vazukuru vevanhu vaiziva Ann naEarl Morris makore anoda kusvika 100 apfuura. Mubhaisikopo, Ann naEarl's Navajo mubatsiri anotambwa nemutambi weDiné, achitaura Navajo nemanyoro eChirungu. “Kazhinji,” akadaro Tsosie, “vagadziri vemafirimu havana basa kuti vatambi vekuAmerica ndevedzinza ripi kana kuti vanotaura mutauro upi.
Mumufirimu uyu, mupi wezano wemutauro wechiNavajo ane makore makumi mana ane hupfupi uye muswe wepony. Sheldon Blackhorse akaridza chidimbu cheYouTube pane yake smartphone-iri bhaisikopo rekuMadokero ra1964 "The Faraway Trumpet" Chiitiko mu ". Mutambi weNavajo akapfeka sePlains Indian ari kutaura nemukuru wemauto emabhiza emuAmerica muNavajo. Mugadziri wemufirimu haana kuziva kuti mutambi wacho aizvinyomba iye nevamwe vechiNavajo. “Sezviri pachena hapana chaungandiita,” akadaro. "Iwe uri nyoka inokambaira pamusoro pako - nyoka."
MuCanyon Del Muerto, vatambi veNavajo vanotaura mutauro wakakodzera kuma1920s. Baba vaSheldon, Taft Blackhorse, vaive murairidzi wemutauro, tsika uye matongo pachiitiko zuva iroro. Akatsanangura kuti: “Kubva zvauya Ann Morris kuno, tave tichisangana netsika dzeAnglo kwerimwe zana remakore uye mutauro wedu wava Wakananga uye wakananga seChirungu. Vaiti, “Famba padombo benyu. “Zvino tinoti, “Kufamba padombo.” Iyi bhaisikopo ichachengeta nzira yekare yekutaura yakapotsa yanyangarika. "
Chikwata chakasimuka pamusoro pekakoni. Vashandi vakaburitsa makamera ndokuaisa panzvimbo yakakwirira, vachigadzirira kusvika kweModel T. Denga rine bhuruu, madziro emupata wacho akatsvuka ocher, uye mashizha e<em>poplar anomera akasvibira. Voorhees ane makore 30 ekuberekwa gore rino, mutete, ane vhudzi rebrown rakamonana uye zvinhu zvakakochekera, akapfeka zvikabudura, T-shirt neheti yesadza yakakura-brimmed. Akafamba achidzokera kumahombekombe. “Handigoni kudavira kuti tiri pano chaizvoizvo,” akadaro.
Uku ndiko kupera kwemakore mazhinji ekushanda nesimba nevanyori, vatungamiriri, vagadziri uye vezvemabhizimisi. Nerubatsiro rwemukoma wake John nevabereki vake, Voorhees akasimudza mamirioni emadhora mumabhajeti ekugadzira kubva kune vanopfuura makumi manomwe neshanu ega equity investor, achivatengesa imwe panguva. Ipapo kwakauya denda reCovid-19, iro rakanonotsa chirongwa chese ndokukumbira Voorhees kuti awedzere imwe US$1 miriyoni kubhadhara mutengo wemidziyo yekuzvidzivirira (masks, magurovhosi anoraswa, sanitizer yemaoko, nezvimwewo), inoda kuchengetedza akawanda. Muchirongwa chemazuva makumi matatu nemana, vatambi vese nevashandi veseti.
Voorhees akabvunzurudza vanopfuura 30 vanochera matongo kuti vave nechokwadi chekururama uye kunzwisisika kwetsika. Akaita nzendo 22 dzekuongorora kuCanyon de Chelly neCanyon del Muerto kuti awane nzvimbo yakanaka uye kona yekupfura. Kwemakore akati wandei, akaita misangano neNavajo Nation uye National Park Service, uye ivo vakabatana vakabata Canyon Decelli National Monument.
Voorhees akakurira muBoulder, Colorado, uye baba vake vaiva gweta. Munguva yakawanda yehudiki hwake, akafuridzirwa neIndia Jones mafirimu, aida kuva muchengeti wezvokuchera matongo. Akabva atanga kufarira kugadzira mafirimu. Pazera remakore 12, akatanga kuzvipira kumuziyamu pamusasa weYunivhesiti yeColorado. Iyi museum yaive alma mater yaEarl Morris uye yakatsigira dzimwe dzenzendo dzake dzekutsvagisa. Mufananidzo uri mumuseum wakabata pfungwa dzevaVoorhees vechidiki. "Uyu mufananidzo mutema nechena waEarl Morris muCanyon de Chelly. Inotaridzika kunge Indiana Jones mune ino inoshamisa mamiriro. Ndakafunga kuti, 'Wow, ndinoda kuita firimu pamusoro pomunhu iyeye.' Ipapo ndakaona kuti akanga ari mufananidzo weIndiana Jones, kana kuti zvimwe, ndakafadzwa chose.”
Lucas naSpielberg vakataura kuti basa reIndiana Jones rakavakirwa pamhando yaiwanzoonekwa muma1930s emufirimu akateedzana-izvo Lucas akadana "nemhanza yemusoja mujasi rematehwe uye iyo mhando yeheti" - uye Kwete chero munhu wenhoroondo. Zvisinei, mune zvimwe zvirevo, vakabvuma kuti pamwe vakafemerwa nemhando mbiri dzehupenyu chaihwo: demure, chinwiwa chechampagne anochera matongo Sylvanus Morley anotarisira Mexico Kuongororwa kweboka guru reMayan tembere Chichén Itzá, uye mutungamiriri weMolly wekuchera matongo, Earl Morris. , akapfeka fedora nebhachi rematehwe ebrown, akabatanidza mweya wakakasharara wekunakidzwa uye ruzivo rwakaoma Sanganisa.
Chido chekuita firimu pamusoro paEarl Morris chave chichiperekedzwa naVoorhees kuburikidza nechikoro chesekondari uye Georgetown University, kwaakadzidza nhoroondo uye classics, uye Graduate School of Film paYunivhesiti yeSouthern California. Yekutanga firimu rekuti "First Line" rakaburitswa neNetflix muna 2016 rakagadziriswa kubva kuhondo yedare reElgin Marbles, uye akatendeukira kune dingindira raEarl Morris.
Manyoro aVoorhees anoongorora nokukurumidza akava mabhuku maviri akanyorwa naAnn Morris: “Kuchera muYucatan Peninsula” (1931), iyo inofukidza nguva yake naEarl muChichén Itzá (Chichén Itzá) Nguva yakapfuura, uye “Digging in the Southwest” (1933) ), inotaura nezvezviitiko zvavo mumakona mana uye kunyanya Canyon del Muerto. Pakati peaya mabhuku ane upenyu ane upenyu—nokuti vabudisi havabvumi kuti vakadzi vanogona kunyora bhuku pamusoro pezvinocherwa mumatongo nokuda kwavakuru, saka vanotengeserwa kuvana vakura—Morris anotsanangura basa iri so“kutumira kupasi” Rwendo rwokununura kunzvimbo iri kure kundodzorera. mapeji akapararira enhoroondo youpenyu hwake.” Mushure mekuisa pfungwa pakunyora kwake, Voorhees akasarudza kuisa pfungwa pana Ann. “Rakanga riri izwi rake mumabhuku iwayo. Ndakatanga kunyora script."
Izwi iroro rinodzidzisa uye rine chiremera, asiwo rine upenyu uye rinosetsa. Nezvekuda kwake nzvimbo iri kure yecanyon, akanyora mukuchera kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero, "Ndinobvuma kuti ndiri mumwe wevasingaverengeki vakabatwa neacute hypnosis munharaunda yekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero - ichi chirwere chisingaperi, chinouraya uye chisingarapike."
Mu "Kuchera muYucatan", akatsanangura zvitatu "zvishandiso zvakakodzera zvachose" zvevanochera matongo, iyo foshoro, ziso revanhu, uye kufungidzira-iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha uye zvishandiso zvinonyanya kushungurudzwa. . "Inofanirwa kudzorwa nehungwaru nehuchokwadi huripo uchichengetedza mvura yakakwana kuti ichinje uye ichinje sezvo chokwadi chitsva chinoburitswa. Inofanirwa kudzorwa nehungwaru uye pfungwa dzakanaka, uye… Kuyerwa kwemushonga wehupenyu kunoitwa pasi pekutarisirwa kwekemisiti. "
Akanyora kuti pasina fungidziro, zvisaririra zvakacherwa nevanochera matongo “zvaingova mapfupa akaoma neguruva rakasiyana-siyana.” Kufungidzira kwakavabvumira “kuvakazve masvingo emaguta akakoromoka…Fungidzira migwagwa mikuru yokutengeserana munyika yose, izere navafambi vanoda kuziva, vatengesi vane makaro navarwi, avo zvino vakanganwika chose chose nokuda kwokukunda kukuru kana kuti kukurirwa.”
Apo Voorhees akabvunza Ann paYunivhesiti yeColorado muBoulder, aiwanzonzwa mhinduro imwe chete-nemashoko akawanda, nei munhu upi noupi angave ane hanya nezvemukadzi waEarl Morris akadhakwa? Kunyange zvazvo Ann akava chidhakwa chakakomba mumakore ake apashure, iyi nhau youtsinye yokuramba inoratidzira inozivisawo mwero uyo basa raAnn Morris rakakanganwika, kufuratirwa, kana kuti kunyange kudzimwa.
Inga Calvin, purofesa weanthropology paYunivhesiti yeColorado, anga achinyora bhuku pamusoro paAnn Morris, kunyanya kubva mutsamba dzake. "Chokwadi inyanzvi yezvokuchera matongo ine dhigirii rekuyunivhesiti uye kudzidziswa kwemuFrance, asi nekuti munhukadzi, haatorerwe zvakanyanya," akadaro. “Mukadzi wechidiki, akanaka, ane upenyu anoda kufadza vanhu. Hazvibatsiri. Anoparidzira zvezvinocherwa mumatongo kuburikidza nemabhuku, uye hazvibatsiri. Vanochera matongo vakakomba vanozvidza vakakurumbira. Ichi chinhu chemusikana kwavari.”
Calvin anofunga kuti Morris "akaderera uye anoshamisa." Mukuvamba kwama 1920, mapfekero aAnn ari muminda—kufamba akapfeka bhurugwa, maregi, uye mapfekero echirume munhanho—wakanga wakakomba nokuda kwavakadzi. "Munzvimbo iri kure kwazvo, kurara mukamba yakazara nevarume vachipuruzira spatula, kusanganisira varume vekuAmerica, zvakafanana," akadaro.
Maererano naMary Ann Levine, purofesa weanthropology paFranklin neMarshall College muPennsylvania, Morris akanga ari “piyona, achidzora nzvimbo dzisina vanhu.” Sezvo rusarura rwemasangano rwakakanganisa nzira yekutsvagisa mune zvedzidzo, akawana basa rakakodzera mune murume nemukadzi vane hunyanzvi naEarle, akanyora zvakawanda zveruzivo rwake rwehunyanzvi, akamubatsira kutsanangura zvavakawana, uye akanyora mabhuku akabudirira. "Akaunza nzira nezvinangwa zvekuchera matongo kune veruzhinji vanofarira, kusanganisira vakadzi vechidiki," Levine akadaro. "Paaitaura nyaya yake, akazvinyora munhoroondo yeAmerican archeology."
Apo Ann akasvika muChichen Itza, Yucatan, muna 1924, Silvanas Molly akamuudza kuti atarisire mwanasikana wake ane makore 6 okukura ndokuita somutarisiri wevashanyi. Kuti atize mabasa aya uye aongorore nzvimbo yacho, akawana temberi duku yakanga isingatarisirwi. Akanyengerera Molly kuti amusiye arichere, ndokunyatsorichera. Apo Earl akadzoreredza Temberi yaiyevedza yeVarwi (800-1050 AD), mupendi ane hunyanzvi Ann aikopa nekudzidza mifananidzo yayo. Kutsvakurudza kwake nemifananidzo chikamu chinokosha chezvinyorwa zviviri zveTemberi yeVarwi muChichen Itza, Yucatan, yakabudiswa neCarnegie Institute muna 1931. Pamwe chete naEarl uye mufananidzo wechiFrench Jean Charlotte, anoonekwa seCo- munyori.
Kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweUnited States, Ann naEarl vakachera zvikuru uye vakarekodha uye vakanzvera petroglyphs munzvimbo ina dzemakona. Bhuku rake pamusoro peiyi nhamburiko rakapidigura murangariro wetsika waAnasazi. Sokutaura kunoita Voorhees, “Vanhu vanofunga kuti chikamu ichi chenyika chagara chiri vavhimi vanotama-tama. MaAnasazi haafungidzirwe kuve nebudiriro, maguta, tsika, uye nzvimbo dzevagari. Zvakaitwa naAnn Morris mubhuku iroro Zvakanyatsoora uye zvakasarudza nguva dzose dzakasununguka dzemakore 1000 ebudiriro-Basket Makers 1, 2, 3, 4; Pueblo 3, 4, nezvimwewo."
Voorhees anomuona semukadzi wezana ramakore rechi21 akabatikana mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20. "Muhupenyu hwake, akaregeredzwa, aitsigirwa, akasekwa uye akavharirwa nemaune, nekuti matongo ikirabhu yevakomana," akadaro. “Muenzaniso wakakurumbira mabhuku ake. Akanyatsonyorerwa vanhu vakuru vane madhigirii ekukoreji, asi anofanira kubudiswa semabhuku evana.”
Voorhees akabvunza Tom Felton (anonyanya kuzivikanwa nekutamba Draco Malfoy muHarry Potter mafirimu) kuti atambe Earl Morris. Mugadziri wemufirimu Ann Morris (Ann Morris) anotamba Abigail Lawrie, mutambi ane makore makumi maviri nemana akaberekerwa kuScotland ane mukurumbira neBritish TV tsotsi mutambo "Tin Star", uye mudiki Wevanochera matongo vane hunhu hwakafanana. "Zvakangoita sekuti takazvarwa patsva Ann," Voorhees akadaro. "Hazvidaviriki paunosangana naye."
Pazuva rechitatu recanyon, Voorhees nevashandi vakasvika mune imwe nzvimbo apo Ann akatsvedza uye akapotsa afa paaikwira dombo, apo iye naEarle vakaita zvimwe zvezvinhu zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa-sekupayona kwekuchera matongo Imba yakapinda mubako rainzi Holocaust. kumusoro pedyo nekumucheto kwegomba, risingaoneki kubva pasi.
Muzana remakore rechi18 nerechi19, kwaigara kuine kurwisa kwechisimba, kurwisa, uye hondo pakati pevaNavajo nevaSpain muNew Mexico. Muna 1805, varwi veSpain vakapinda mucanyon kuti vatsive kurwisa kweNavajo nguva pfupi yapfuura. Vanenge vaNavajo 25—vakwegura, vakadzi, uye vana—vakahwanda mubako. Dai pasina chembere yakatanga kunyomba mauto ichiti “vanhu vaifamba vasina maziso” dai vakahwanda.
Mauto eSpain haana kukwanisa kupfura chinangwa chavo chakananga, asi mabara avo akabuda mumadziro ebako, achikuvadza kana kuuraya vazhinji vevanhu vaiva mukati. Ipapo varwi vakakwira mubako, vakauraya vakanga vakuvadzwa ndokuba zvinhu zvavo. Anoda kusvika makore 120 gare gare, Ann naEarl Morris vakapinda mubako ndokuwana marangwanda machena, mabara akauraya vaNavajo, uye akapinza makwapa kumadziro ose okuseri. Kuuraya uku kwakapa Death Canyon zita rakaipa. (Smithsonian Institution geologist James Stevenson akatungamirira rwendo pano muna 1882 uye akatumidza canyon.)
Taft Blackhorse akati: "Tine tabhoo yakasimba kune vakafa. Hatitauri nezvavo. Hatidi kugara panofira vanhu. Kana munhu akafa, vanhu vanowanzosiya imba. Mweya yevakafa ichakuvadza vapenyu, saka nesuwo vanhu tirege kuuraya mapako nedzimba dzemawere. Kufa kwaNavajo kungangove chimwe chezvikonzero nei Canyon of the Dead isina kukanganiswa Ann naEarl Morris vasati vasvika. Akairondedzera chaizvoizvo se“imwe yenzvimbo dzakapfuma zvikurusa dzokuchera matongo munyika.”
Kusiri kure neHolocaust Cave inzvimbo inoshamisa uye yakanaka inonzi Mummy Cave: Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kunakidza nguva yekutanga Voorhees inoonekwa pachiratidziri. Iri ibako rakapetwa kaviri rejecha dzvuku rakaputirwa nemhepo. Kudivi remamita mazana maviri pamusoro pevhu remupata kune shongwe inoshamisa ine nhurikidzwa nhatu ine makamuri akati wandei ari pedyo, ose akavakwa nemasoni neAnasazi kana tateguru Pueblo vanhu.
Muna 1923, Ann naEarl Morris vakachera pano ndokuwana humbowo hwemakore 1 000 okugara, kusanganisira zvitunha zvakawanda zvakakuvadzwa zvine bvudzi neganda zvichiri. Vanenge vanaamai vose—murume, mukadzi, uye mwana—vaipfeka matemhe nebhiza; ndizvo zvakaita gondo parufu.
Rimwe remabasa aAnn nderekubvisa tsvina yezvitunha kwemazana emakore uye kubvisa mbeva dzinogara pamhanza yedumbu. Haana kushinyira zvachose. Ann naEarl vachangobva kuchata, uye iyi ndiyo zororo ravo remuchato.
Muimba yaBen Gell diki yeadobe muTucson, muhutsvina hwemaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kwezvigadzirwa zvemaoko uye zvechinyakare zvechiDanish high-fidelity audio equipment, kune nhamba huru yetsamba, diaries, mapikicha uye zviyeuchidzo kubva kuna mbuya vake. Akatora revolver kubva muimba yake yekurara, iyo vaMorris vakatakura panguva yerwendo. Pazera ramakore 15, Earl Morris akanongedza murume akaponda baba vake pashure pokuitirana nharo mumotokari muFarmington, New Mexico. “Maoko aEarl akadedera zvekuti akatadza kubata pfuti,” akadaro Gale. “Paakavhomora pfuti, pfuti haina kuridza achibva atiza nekutya.
Earle akaberekerwa muChama, New Mexico muna 1889. Akakura nababa vake, mutyairi werori uye injiniya wekuvaka akashanda pakugadzirisa migwagwa, kuvaka madhamu, migodhi uye mapurogiramu ezvitima. Munguva yavo yakasununguka, baba nomwanakomana vakatsvaka zvisaririra zveNative America; Earle akashandisa chidimbu chakapfupikiswa kuchera hari yake yekutanga pazera re31/2. Mushure mekupondwa kwababa vake, kucherwa kwezvinhu zvakava kurapa kwaEarl's OCD. Muna 1908, akapinda muYunivhesiti yeColorado kuBoulder, kwaakawana dhigirii redzidzisi mune zvepfungwa, asi akafadzwa nekuchera matongo-kwete chete kuchera mapoto uye pfuma, asiwo ruzivo uye kunzwisisa kwekare. Muna 1912, akachera matongo eMayan muGuatemala. Muna 1917, pazera remakore makumi maviri nemasere, akatanga kuchera nekudzorera matongo eAztec emadzitateguru ePueblo muNew Mexico nokuda kweAmerican Museum of Natural History.
Ann akaberekwa muna 1900 uye akakurira mumhuri yakapfuma muOmaha. Pazera re6, sezvaakataura mu "Southwest Digging", shamwari yemhuri yakamubvunza zvaaida kuita kana akura. Sokuzvitsanangura kwaakaita, ane chiremera uye asina hanya, akapa mhinduro yakanyatsorongedzerwa, inova kufanotaura kwakarurama kwehupenyu hwake hwevanhu vakuru: “Ndinoda kuchera pfuma yakavigwa, kuongorora pakati pemaIndia, kupenda uye kupfeka Enda kupfuti. wozoenda kukoreji.”
Gal anga achiverenga tsamba dzakanyorerwa naAnn kuna amai vake paSmith College muNorthampton, Massachusetts. "Mumwe purofesa akati ndiye musikana akangwara muSmith College," Gale akandiudza. “She is the life of the party, anosekesa, pamwe akahwanda kuseri kwayo. Anoramba achitaura zvinosetsa mutsamba dzake uye anoudza amai vake zvose, kusanganisira mazuva aasingagoni kumuka. Kuora mwoyo? Hangover? Pamwe zvose. Hongu, hatizivi.”
Ann anofadzwa nevanhu vepakutanga, nhoroondo yekare, uye nzanga yeNative America pamberi pekukunda kweEurope. Akanyunyuta kuna purofesa wake wenhoroondo kuti makosi avo ese akatanga kunonoka uye kuti budiriro nehurumende yakatangwa. “Pakanga pasati pari kutozosvikira mumwe purofesa ndakanetswa atsinhira nenzira yokuneta kuti ndingada sayenzi yezvinocherwa mumatongo panzvimbo penhau, mambakwedza haana kutanga,” akanyora kudaro. Mushure mekupedza kudzidza kubva kuSmith College muna 1922, akaenda nechikepe kuFrance kuti abatane neAmerican Academy yePrehistoric Archaeology, kwaakawana kudzidziswa kwekuchera munda.
Kunyangwe akange ambosangana naEarl Morris muShiprock, New Mexico - aishanyira hama yake - hurongwa hwekurongeka kwekupfimbana hwakanga husina kujeka. Asi kunoratidzika kuti Earl akatumira tsamba kuna Ann apo akanga achifunda muFrance, achimukumbira kumuroora. "Akafadzwa naye zvachose," akadaro Gale. “Akaroora gamba rake. Iyi inzira zvakare yekuti ave nyanzvi yekuchera matongo-kupinda muindasitiri iyi. " Mutsamba yaakanyorera mhuri yake muna 1921, akataura kuti dai aiva murume, Earl Aizofara kumupa basa rokutarisira kuchera matongo, asi mubatsiri wake aisazombobvumira mukadzi kuti atore nzvimbo iyi. Akanyora kuti: “Hazvina maturo kutaura, mazino angu akaunyana nokuda kwokuramba ndichikuya.”
Muchato wacho wakaitwa muGallup, New Mexico muna 1923. Zvadaro, mushure mekuchera kwehusiku muMummy Cave, vakatora chikepe kuenda kuYucatan, uko Carnegie Institute yakahaya Earl kuti afukure uye avakezve Warrior Temple muChichen Itza. Patafura yekubikira, Gail akaisa Mapikicha asekuru naambuya vake mumatongo eMayan-Ann akapfeka ngowani isina kusimba nehembe chena, achikopa murals; nzeve inoturika simende musanganisi padhiraivha shaft yerori; uye ari mutemberi diki yeXtoloc Cenote. Ikoko "akawana spurs yake" semucheri, akanyora mukuchera muYucatan.
Kwemamwe ma1920, mhuri yekwaMorris yaigara hupenyu hwekutama-tama, ichiparadzanisa nguva yavo pakati peYucatan neSouthwestern United States. Kubva pachimiro chechiso uye mutauro wemuviri unoratidzwa mumifananidzo yaAnn, pamwe neinofadza uye inosimudzira mumabhuku ake, tsamba uye diary, zviri pachena kuti ari kutora chiitiko chikuru chemuviri uye chenjere nemurume waanoyemura. Maererano naInga Calvin, Ann ari kunwa doro—zvisingashamisi kunyanzvi yezvokuchera matongo—asi achiri kushanda uye anonakidzwa noupenyu hwake.
Zvino, pane imwe nguva muma1930, uyu mukadzi akangwara, ane simba akava mushe. "Ichi ndicho chakavanzika chikuru muhupenyu hwake, uye mhuri yangu haina kutaura nezvazvo," akadaro Gale. “Pandaibvunza amai vangu nezvaAnn, vaitaura chokwadi kuti, ‘Ichidhakwa,’ vobva vachinja nyaya yacho. Handirambe kuti Ann chidhakwa - anofanira kunge ari - asi ndinofunga kuti tsananguro iyi yakapfava NS. "
Gale aida kuziva kana kugadzirisa uye kubereka mwana muBoulder, Colorado (amai vake Elizabeth Ann vakaberekwa muna 1932 uye Sarah Lane akaberekwa muna 1933) yakanga iri shanduko yakaoma mushure memakore iwayo anotyisa ari mberi kwekuchera matongo . Inga Calvin akataura zvakajeka kuti: “Iyo hero. Kuna Ann nevana vake, vanomutya.” Zvisinei, panewo nyaya pamusoro paAnn akabata pati yezvipfeko zvevana mumba maBoulder.
Paaiva nemakore 40, aisawanzobva muimba yacho ari pamusoro. Maererano neimwe mhuri, aiburuka kaviri pagore kuti anoona vana vake, uye kamuri rake rairambidzwa zvachose. Maive nemajekiseni nemajekiseni eBunsen mumba imomo, izvo zvakaita kuti dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri dzifungidzire kuti aishandisa morphine kana heroin. Gail haana kufunga kuti ichokwadi. Ann ane chirwere cheshuga uye ari kubaya jekiseni re insulin. Akataura kuti pamwe bunsen rinopisa rinoshandiswa kupisa kofi kana tii.
"Ini ndinofunga uku kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvakawanda," akadaro. “Akadhakwa, ane chirwere cheshuga, ane hosha yemajoini yakakomba, uye anenge achitotambura nokuora mwoyo.” Pakupera kwehupenyu hwake, Earl akanyora tsamba kuna baba vaAnn pamusoro pezvakanga zvaitwa nachiremba X Kuongororwa kwechiedza kwakaratidza machuru machena, “semuswe wekometi wakabatana nemuzongoza wake”. Gale akafunga kuti gunduru raive bundu uye marwadzo acho aive akanyanya.
Coerte Voorhees aida kupfura mifananidzo yake yose yeCanyon de Chelly neCanyon del Muerto munzvimbo chaidzo muArizona, asi nokuda kwezvikonzero zvemari aifanira kupfura zvizhinji zvezviitiko kune imwe nzvimbo. Nyika yeNew Mexico, kwaanowanikwa nechikwata chake, inopa mutero wakakura wekukurudzira kugadzirwa kwemafirimu mudunhu, nepo Arizona isingapi chero kukurudzira.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti kumira-mukati kweCanyon Decelli National Monument kunofanirwa kuwanikwa muNew Mexico. Mushure mekunyatsoongorora, akafunga kupfura muRed Rock Park kunze kweGallup. Chiyero chenyika yacho idiki zvikuru, asi inogadzirwa nejecha dzvuku rakafanana, rakanyungudutswa muchimiro chakafanana nemhepo, uye zvinopesana nekutenda kwakakurumbira, kamera murevi wenhema akanaka.
MuHongyan, vashandi vakashanda nemabhiza asingashandi mumhepo uye kuchinaya kusvika pakati pehusiku, uye mhepo yakashanduka kuva sinou yakanyanyisa. Ave masikati, mazaya echando achiri kupisa mugwenga rakakwirira, uye Laurie-chaizvo mufananidzo mupenyu waAnn Morris-ari kumudzidzira naTaft Blackhorse nemwanakomana wake Sheldon Navajo mitsetse.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-09-2021