Zviitiko zvitsva mukuvimbiswa kwemhando yekongiri yekukona inogona kupa ruzivo rwakakosha nezvehunhu, kusimba, uye kutevedzera nehybrid dhizaini.
Kuvakwa kwepasi rekongiri kunogona kuona emergency, uye kontrakiti inoda kuratidza kunaka uye kusimba kwekukandirwa-munzvimbo yekukanda. Zviitiko izvi zvinosanganisira kuratidzwa kunaya mukati meiyo yekudurura, kutumira kwekurapa kwemakomputa, purasitiki kuderera uye kupaza maawa mukati memaawa mashoma mushure mekudurura uye kuporesa nyaya. Kunyangwe kana zviero zvezvisikwa uye mamwe majini anowanzoitika, mainjiniya anogona kuda kubviswa uye kutsiva kwenhengo dzekutandarira nekuti dziri kunetseka pamusoro pekuti iyo In-systems inosangana neyakagadziriswa madimikira madimikira edzidziso.
Mune ino kesi, petrography uye imwe yekuwedzera (asi nyanzvi) nzira dzekuyedza dzinogona kupa ruzivo rwakakosha nezvehunhu uye kusarudzika kwemusanganiswa wekongiri uye kunyangwe ivo vanosangana nezvirevo zvebasa.
Mufananidzo 1. Mienzaniso yeFluorescence microscope maikoroficha eConcrete paste pa0 0,40 W / C (kumusoro kuruboshwe kona) uye 0.60 w / c (kumusoro kurudyi kona). Iyo yepazasi kuruboshwe chimiro inoratidza chishandiso chekuyera kupokana kwekongiri yekongiri. Iyo yepazasi chaiyo nhamba inoratidza hukama pakati pehuwandu hwekuvhiringidza uye w / c. Chunyu qiao uye kudhira, kambani yekuwomhanza
Mutemo waAbrama: "Simba rekumanikidza remubatanidzwa wengarava rinonyanya kuenzana neyezviyo zvemvura yayo."
Profesfund Duff Abrams akatanga kurondedzera hukama pakati pemvura-simende-simende muna 1918 [1], simba remvura rakakomberedzwa nekongiri / simende. Pamusoro pekudzora simba rekumanikidza, iyo yemvura coment ratio (w / cm) yave kufarirwa nekuti inoona kutsiva kweiyo portland cementing zvigadzirwa zvakadai sekubhururuka ash uye slag. Iyo zvakare kiyi paramende yekuvakidzana concrete. Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakaratidza kuti mishonga yekongiri ne w / cm yakaderera pane ~
Capillary Pores chikamu chevhu chinoshanda cheSimbe slurry. Izvo zvine nzvimbo pakati peiyo siminm sydration zvigadzirwa uye isina kuvhiringidzwa sventi zvidimbu izvo zvakambozadzwa nemvura. . Kana iyo capillary pores yakabatana, fluid kubva kunzvimbo yekunze inogona kutamira kuburikidza ne paste. Ichi chiitiko chinodaidzwa kuti kupinda uye chinofanira kuderedzwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekusimba. Iyo microction yeiyo inogara yakadzika kongiri musanganiswa ndeyekuti pores yakatsigirwa pane kubatana. Izvi zvinoitika kana w / cm ishoma pane ~ 0.45.
Kunyangwe zvichiratidzika zvakanyanya kuyera kunyatso kuyera kongiri yeW / CM yekongiri yakaomeswa, nzira yakavimbika inogona kupa yakakosha ivimbiso yekusimbisa mhando chishandiso chekuferefeta chakaomeswa-in-nzvimbo kongiri. Fluorescence microscopy inopa mhinduro. Uku ndiko kushanda kwazvinoita.
Fluorescencecence microscopy ndiyo nzira inoshandisa epoxy resin uye fluorescent dyes kuti uvhenekere ruzivo rwezvishandiso. Zvinonyanya kushandiswa mune zvesainzi vekurapa, uye zvinewo zvekushandisa zvakakosha musainzi yemidziyo. Kushandiswa kwakarongeka kwenzira iyi mukongiri kwakatanga makore makumi mana apfuura muDenmark [3]; Yakagadzirirwa munyika dzeNordic muna1991 nekuda kweiyo w / c yekongiri yakaoma, uye yakagadziriswa muna 1999 [4].
Kuyera w / cm yezvinhu zvakasarudzika (kureva concrete, dhongwe, uye groutecete ipo Maitiro acho anosanganisira kongiri kana cylinder yakagurwa mufurati concrete block (inonzi mavara) nenzvimbo yeanenge 25 x 50 mm (1 x 2 inches). Iyo isina gwire glued kune girazi slide, yakaiswa mukamuri yekufemba, uye epoxy resin inounzwa pasi pecuum. Sezvo w / cm inowedzera, kubatana uye nhamba yemapores ichawedzera, saka epoxy yakanyanya ichapinda muapundu. Isu tinoongorora mafaira pasi peMicroscope, achishandisa seti yakasarudzika mafirita kuti afadze madhiri emvura mune epoxy resin uye kusefa kunze kwemasaini. Mumifananidzo iyi, nzvimbo dzevatema dzinomiririra makamera eggregate uye isina kuvhenekerwa spines zvidimbu. Iko kupokana kweaviri ndekwechokwadi 0%. Iyo yakajeka girini denderedzwa ndiyo rorosity (kwete iko iko iko iko iko iko iko kuripisisa), uye iko iko kuripo kwacho kuri 100%. One of these features The speckled green “substance” is a paste (Figure 2). As the w/cm and capillary porosity of concrete increase, the unique green color of the paste becomes brighter and brighter (see Figure 3).
Mufananidzo 2. Fluorescence micrograph of flakes ichiratidzira maAggregated zvimedu, voids (v) uye paste. Iyo yakakurumbira munda upamhi ndeye ~ 1.5 mm. Chunyu qiao uye kudhira, kambani yekuwomhanza
Mufananidzo 3. Fluorescence Macrofrafs of the Flakes inoratidza kuti seW / CM inowedzera, iyo Green Paste zvishoma nezvishoma inova yakajeka. Aya musanganiswa anoshatiswa uye ane fly leh. Chunyu qiao uye kudhira, kambani yekuwomhanza
Kuongororwa kwemifananidzo kunosanganisira kubvisa data redhiti kubva paMifananidzo. Iyo inoshandiswa muminda yakawanda dzakasiyana dzesainzi, kubva kure kunzwa microscope. Pixel yega yega mumufananidzo wedhijitari zvine chekuita nedata. This method allows us to attach numbers to the different green brightness levels seen in these images. Kwemakore makumi maviri apfuura We often use image analysis to measure the capillary porosity of the slurry. Nekufamba kwenguva, takawana kuti pane yakasimba yakarongeka mamiriro ezvinhu pakati peW / cm uye capillary porosity, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo unotevera (Mufananidzo 4 uye Mufananidzo 5).
Mufananidzo 4. Muenzaniso wedata inowanikwa kubva kuFluorescence macrographs yezvikamu zvakatetepa. Iyi girafu inoridza huwandu hwemapikisheni pane yakapihwa grey level mune imwechete photocgraphrograph. Mapepa matatu anoenderana nekuunganidza maAggregates (Orange curve), paste (grey (grey nzvimbo), uye isina kugadziriswa (isina kuzaruka (isina kuzere kwepamusoro kurudyi). Iyo curve yeiyo paste inobvumira imwe yekuverenga avhareji saizi yehukuru uye kutsauka kwayo. Chunyu qiao uye kupururudza kambani yekambani yeW / CM Avhareji Capilly zviyero uye 95% Chivimbo chemubatanidzwa Chunyu qiao uye kudhira, kambani yekuwomhanza
Mukupedzisira kuongorora, matatu akazvimirira bvunzo anodikanwa kuratidza kuti iyo-yesaiti kongiri inoenderana neiyo musanganiswa dhizaini. Sezvazvinogona, wana samples inomiririra kubva kuzvimbo inosangana nemamiriro ese ekugamuchira, pamwe nesamples kubva munzvimbo dzakabatana. Iyo yakakosha kubva kune yakagamuchirwa chimiro inogona kushandiswa semuenzaniso wekudzora, uye iwe unogona kuishandisa sebhenji rekuongorora kutevedzera kwakakodzera.
Muchiitiko chedu, mainjiniya ema ninjiniya vachiona iyo data inowanikwa kubva muedzo idzi, dzinowanzo bvuma kuiswa kana imwe nyaya yekunyora yeinjiniya (sesimba rekumanikidza) vanosangana. Nekupa zviyero zveW / cm uye fomu yekuumbwa, tinogona kupfuura nepamusoro pekuedzwa kwakataurwa kwemabasa mazhinji kuratidza kuti musanganiswa uri mubvunzo une zvivakwa izvo zvichadudzira mukuimba kwakanaka.
David rothstein, ph.D., PG, FACI ndiyo iyo chief lithographer yekudhira, kambani yekuwomhanza. Ane makore anopfuura makumi maviri nemashanu ehunyanzvi hwepetrologist chiitiko uye munhu chaiye akaongororwa anopfuura zviuru gumi emisangano kubva zvinopfuura zviuru zviviri zvirongwa pasi rese. Dr. Chunyu Qiao, iyo Science Science yeDRP, kambani inoomeswa, inyanzvi yemugove uye midziyo yemidziyo ine makore anopfuura gumi ezvisikwa uye zvakasikwa uye zvakagadzirwa matombo ebwe. Hunyanzvi hwake hunosanganisira kushandiswa kwekuongorora kwemifananidzo uye kufungidzira microscopy kuti udzidze kugadzikana kwekongiri, neAlkali-Silicon-sticon maitiro, uye kurwiswa kwemakemikari mune zvinomera zvirimwa.
Kutumira Nguva: Sep-07-2021